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"The Nine Planets in Music: Muthuswami Dikshitar’s Cosmic Kritis"

The Navagraha Kritis, composed by the illustrious Muthuswami Dikshitar, hold a special place in the rich tapestry of Carnatic music. These compositions, dedicated to the nine celestial bodies (Navagrahas) of Hindu astrology, are celebrated for their spiritual depth, musical complexity, and scholarly brilliance. For music learners, exploring these kritis offers an enriching journey into both musical and astrological traditions.


Significance of the Navagraha Kritis


  1. Astrological ConnectionThe Navagraha Kritis are dedicated to the nine celestial bodies: Surya (Sun), Chandra (Moon), Mangala (Mars), Budha (Mercury), Guru (Jupiter), Shukra (Venus), Shani (Saturn), Rahu (North Lunar Node), and Ketu (South Lunar Node). Each kriti is not only a musical gem but also a prayer for divine blessings to mitigate the ill effects of planetary influences.

  2. Philosophical DepthDikshitar, a scholar steeped in Vedic traditions, intricately wove philosophical and astrological themes into these compositions. Through these kritis, he expressed the interplay between the cosmic forces and human life, emphasizing harmony with the universe.

  3. Musical BrillianceEach kriti is set in a specific raga that reflects the unique characteristics of the associated planet. For instance:

    • Surya (Sun): Kriti in raga Saurashtram exudes energy and brightness.

    • Chandra (Moon): Raga Ataana captures the Moon's calm and reflective nature.

    • Shani (Saturn): The kriti in Yadukulakambhoji reflects Saturn's somber and contemplative qualities.



What Makes These Kritis Special?


  • Complex LyricsThe Navagraha Kritis are replete with Sanskrit verses rich in astrological and philosophical references. Learners must pay attention to the enunciation to preserve the authenticity of these compositions.

  • Integration of Raga and ThemeDikshitar’s genius lies in his ability to match the raga's mood with the planet's attributes. This offers a dual lesson for music learners: how to express an abstract concept musically and how to bring out the emotive essence of a raga.

  • Tantric and Devotional UndertonesMany of these kritis include bija mantras (seed syllables) linked to the planets, adding a layer of spiritual significance to their rendition.


How to Practice Navagraha Kritis?


  1. Understanding the Lyrics and MeaningBegin by studying the meaning of the kriti's lyrics. Familiarize yourself with the astrological and philosophical context to imbue your performance with depth.

  2. Focus on Raga and BhavaEach raga chosen by Dikshitar demands precise execution of its nuances. Pay attention to gamakas, phrases, and mood (bhava) to align your rendition with the kriti's theme.

  3. Start with Simpler CompositionsIf you’re a beginner, start with kritis like “Suryamurthe” in Saurashtram before advancing to more complex ones like “Shri Shukra Bhagavantham” in Paraju.

  4. Use Tanpura and Shruti BoxEnsure perfect pitch alignment with a tanpura or shruti box, especially when practicing kritis like “Chandram Bhaja Manasa,” which require delicate handling of microtones.

  5. Seek Guidance from a GuruA knowledgeable guru can help you interpret the kritis accurately, ensuring fidelity to the Dikshitar tradition. They can also guide you on where to incorporate improvisational elements.

  6. Regular ListeningListening to seasoned artists' renditions of the Navagraha Kritis can deepen your understanding. Pay attention to their handling of raga, rhythm, and diction.


Why Should Learners Explore These Kritis?

Learning the Navagraha Kritis offers several benefits for music students:

  • Improves Raga Mastery: Each kriti allows you to delve into a specific raga's intricacies.

  • Expands Repertoire: Adds unique and spiritually significant pieces to your repertoire.

  • Cultural Enrichment: Deepens your understanding of Indian musical and astrological heritage.

  • Develops Expressive Skills: Helps you connect with themes beyond the musical framework.


The Navagraha Kritis of Muthuswami Dikshitar are more than compositions; they are an exploration of music’s ability to connect the terrestrial with the celestial. As you practice these timeless pieces, you not only refine your musical skills but also embark on a spiritual journey guided by one of Carnatic music’s greatest luminaries.


So, why not start with one today and immerse yourself in the cosmic symphony of Dikshitar’s genius.



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