Mastering the Beauty of Carnatic Music: Exploring the Varnam Composition
Welcome, music enthusiasts, to a captivating journey into the world of Carnatic music. Today, we delve into the essence of a unique composition known as Varnam or Varna. Varnam holds a significant place in the heart of Carnatic music, with its mesmerizing patterns and enchanting combinations. In this blog, we will unravel the intricacies of Varnam and its role in the realm of music.
Firstly, let us understand what Varnam truly represents. Imagine a composition that combines different jattis, intricately woven together in a beautiful tapestry. Varnam is precisely that—a distinctive creation inspired by the rhythmic structure of Thana. It serves as an opening piece in Carnatic music concerts, acting as a warm-up for musicians, and often takes center stage in Bharatanatyam dance performances. Moreover, Varnam also serves as a valuable vocal exercise for aspiring performers, aiding in the development of voice culture and rhythmic control.
Varnam can be classified into two kinds: Thana Varna and Padavarna. The origin of Varnam can be traced back to the late 17th and early 18th centuries, attributed to the compositions of eminent maestros such as Shri Veena Perumal Ayya, Sri Pacchimiriam Adiyappa, Sri Rama Swami Deekshitar, Sri Sonti Venkata Subbaiah, and many others. While Adi Tala and Ata Tala Varnas are widely known, Varnas have also been composed in other Talas such as Rupaka, Chaapu, Jumpe, Kanda Triputa, and more.
A Varnam typically consists of three main sections: Pallavi, AnuPallavi, and Chittaswaram in the Purvanga (first half), and Charana and Ettugada Swaras in the Uttaranga (second half). With minimal sahitya (lyrics), Varnam focuses more on melodic extensions, showcasing raga ranjaka prayogas (pleasing melodic patterns) and vishesha sancharas (distinctive musical phrases). Additionally, Varnams emphasize thala, with the two kalai version being most prevalent.
Aspiring musicians embarking on their Carnatic music journey often begin with the study and practice of Varnams. It serves as an essential stepping stone, honing their skills in rhythm, melody, and expression. The structured format of Varnam provides a solid foundation for understanding the intricate nuances of Carnatic music and trains the ear to appreciate the finer aspects of the art form.
In conclusion, the Varnam composition holds a cherished place in the realm of Carnatic music. Its rhythmic patterns, melodic variations, and aesthetic beauty make it an integral part of concerts and dance performances. For those aspiring to learn and master Carnatic music, Varnam acts as a vital tool for developing vocal prowess, rhythmic control, and artistic expression. So, let us embark on this enchanting musical expedition, exploring the depths of Varnam and discovering the timeless magic of Carnatic music.